THE EUKARYOTES

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      Eukaryotic cells (Eu = good or well; true; karyon= nucleus)  ---

        Eukaryotes include all living organisms, except bacteria and blue-green algae.

     

fig :- Eukaryotic plant cell as seet under an electron microscope.

#.  Characteristics of eukaryotes :- 

  •  Eukaryotes include both unicellular and multicellular organisms.
  • They're large in size, which generally varies between 5 to 100 microns.
  • They've a definite nuclear membrane around the genetic material.
  • The DNA of eukaryotes remain bounded with protein.
  • The membrane-bound cell organelles, like mitochondria, Lysosomes, Golgi complex, dictyosomes, Endoplasmic reticulum, and chloroplast are present and perform specific functions.
  • Multiple chromosomes are present.
Ribosomes are bigger than those in prokaryotes. They're either attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or found free.                                                                ................................***********.......................

# .        Different between prokaryotic and       eukaryotic cells

#      Feature :-  1.   cell size

                           2.    Cell organization

                            3.    DNA 

                             4.    Chromosomes 

                             5.    Ribosomes 

                             6.    Nuclear membrane, Golgi complex, mitochondria, Lysosomes, Endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast, and vacuoles.

#.  Prokaryotic cell :- 

                  1.  Smaller in size (1 to 10 microns).

                   2.  Unicellular

                   3.  Naked

                   4.  Single

                    5. Smaller than in eukaryotic cell,

                         scattered in the cytoplasm

                    6.  Absent

 #.   Eukaryotic cell :- 

             1.  Bigger in size (5 to 10 microns).

             2.  Both unicellular and multicellular.

             3.  Combined with protein.

             4.  Multiple

             5.  Bigger in size, either attached to Endoplasmic reticulum or are free.

            6.  Present.

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